How to Use Wildcards in VLOOKUP

If you’ve ever wanted to perform a partial match in Excel — like finding any cell that contains the word “Smith” — you’re in luck. Excel’s VLOOKUP supports wildcards, letting you create dynamic, flexible searches that don’t require exact values.

Let’s break it down.


If you’ve ever wanted to perform a partial match in Excel — like finding any cell that contains the word “Smith” — you’re in luck. Excel’s VLOOKUP supports wildcards, letting you create dynamic, flexible searches that don’t require exact values.

Let’s break it down.


The Formula

=VLOOKUP(“*”&A1&”*”, B2:C100, 2, 0)


What It Does

This formula searches for a partial match using a wildcard and returns a corresponding value from the adjacent column.


Understanding the Components

“*”&A1&”*”

  • This constructs a wildcard search string based on the value in cell A1.
  • The asterisks * mean “match any number of characters before or after.”
  • If A1 contains Smith, Excel will search for anything like:
    • “John Smith”
    • “Dr. Smithson”
    • “TheSmithCompany”

B2:C100

  • This is your lookup range.
  • Column B (the first column) is where Excel will search for the match.
  • Column C (the second column) is where Excel will return the result from.

2

  • This tells Excel to return the value from the second column of your table range.

0 (or FALSE)

  • This ensures exact match behavior — but it still works with wildcards like *Smith*.
  • If no match is found, the result will be #N/A.

What Happens If You Use 1 Instead of 0?

=VLOOKUP(“*”&A1&”*”, B2:C100, 2, 1)

  • 1 (or TRUE) tells Excel: “It’s okay to give me an approximate match.”
  • But there’s a catch: approximate match doesn’t work with wildcards.
  • Also, your lookup column must be sorted in ascending order for this to work properly.

Result: You’ll likely get unexpected results or errors. Stick with FALSE when using wildcards.
Performs a wildcard-enabled search (with the 2 at the end specifying wildcard match mode).


Final Thoughts

Wildcards are small but mighty tools in Excel — they let you search smarter, not harder. By combining them with VLOOKUP, COUNTIFS, or XLOOKUP, you can build robust formulas that adapt to real-world, messy data.

Try it out with your own data and see how much time you save!


What It Does

This formula searches for a partial match using a wildcard and returns a corresponding value from the adjacent column.


Understanding the Components

“*”&A1&”*”

  • This constructs a wildcard search string based on the value in cell A1.
  • The asterisks * mean “match any number of characters before or after.”
  • If A1 contains Smith, Excel will search for anything like:
    • “John Smith”
    • “Dr. Smithson”
    • “TheSmithCompany”

B2:C100

  • This is your lookup range.
  • Column B (the first column) is where Excel will search for the match.
  • Column C (the second column) is where Excel will return the result from.

2

  • This tells Excel to return the value from the second column of your table range.

0 (or FALSE)

  • This ensures exact match behavior — but it still works with wildcards like *Smith*.
  • If no match is found, the result will be #N/A.

What Happens If You Use 1 Instead of 0?

=VLOOKUP(“*”&A1&”*”, B2:C100, 2, 1)

  • 1 (or TRUE) tells Excel: “It’s okay to give me an approximate match.”
  • But there’s a catch: approximate match doesn’t work with wildcards.
  • Also, your lookup column must be sorted in ascending order for this to work properly.

Result: You’ll likely get unexpected results or errors. Stick with FALSE when using wildcards.
Performs a wildcard-enabled search (with the 2 at the end specifying wildcard match mode).


Final Thoughts

Wildcards are small but mighty tools in Excel — they let you search smarter, not harder. By combining them with VLOOKUP, COUNTIFS, or XLOOKUP, you can build robust formulas that adapt to real-world, messy data.

Try it out with your own data and see how much time you save!

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